syntax
interpreter syntax
DESCRIPTION
This syntax summary attempts to present all the built-in keywords, operators and commands of spec. The grammar rules listed below are very similar to those given in the standard manuals describing the C language. Operators are listed in order of precedence, with the highest precedence operators listed first.
The summary is not a complete representation of the spec syntax. Sub-array syntax is not shown, nor is array element value assignment by initialization, as in arr = [ 1:2, 3:4 ].
The following terms are used:
- lvalue
- "left value", something that can go on the left side of the equals sign.
- binop
- Binary operator (+, -, etc.).
- asgnop
- Assignment operator (=, +=, etc.).
- identifier
- A variable, which is something that starts with a letter or underscore (_) and can be followed by additional characters consisting only of letters, digits or underscores.
- identifier-list
- A space- or comma-separated list of identifiers.
- pattern
- An alphanumeric string possibly containing the metacharacters * which matches any string, ? which matches any single character and [...], which matches any string that contains the characters within the square brackets. Two characters separated by a hyphen specify a range of characters that will match. An initial ^ negates the enclosed character set.
- pattern-list-opt
- An optional space-separated list of patterns.
- expr-opt
- An optional expression.
- expr-list-opt
- An optional expression list.
- [;]
- A semicolon or a newline. (A semicolon after a statement is optional if the statement is followed by a newline.)
EXPRESSIONS
expression:
lvaluenumeric-constantstring-constant( expression )function ( expression-list )- expression! expression~ expression++ lvalue-- lvaluelvalue ++lvalue --expression ? expression : expressionexpression binop expressionlvalue asgnop expressionexpression in identifier
expression-list:
expression , expression
- lvalue:
- identifieridentifier [ expression ]identifier [ expression ] [ expression ]@ lvalue
binop:
* / %+ ->> <<> < <= >=== !=&^|&&||
asgnop:
= += -= *= /= %= >>= <<= &= ^= |=
array_type:
byteubyteshortushortlongulonglong64ulong64floatdoublestring
array_decl:
[ array_type ] array identifier [ expr ][ array_type ] array identifier [ expr ] [ expr ]
array_decl-list:
array_decl [ , ] array_decl
Statements
compound-statement:
{ statement-list }
statement-list:
statementstatement-list statement
statement:
compound-statementexpression [ ; ]if ( expression ) statementif ( expression ) statement else statementwhile ( expression ) statementfor ( expr-list-opt ; expr-opt ; expr-list-opt ) statementfor ( identifier in identifier ) statementbreak [ ; ]continue [ ; ]exit [ ; ]return expr-opt [ ; ]history expr-opt [ ; ]lscmd pattern-list-op [ ; ]syms pattern-list-op [ ; ]print expression-list [ ; ]eprint expression-list [ ; ]global identifier-list [ ; ]global identifier = expression [ ; ]constant identifier expression [ ; ]constant identifier = expression [ ; ]unglobal identifier-list [ ; ]local identifier-list [ ; ]local identifier = expression [ ; ]delete identifier [ expression ] [ ; ]array_decl-list [ ; ]local array_decl-list [ ; ]global array_decl-list [ ; ]shared array_decl-list [ ; ]extern shared array_decl-list [ ; ]def identifier string-constant [ ; ]rdef identifier expression [ ; ]undef pattern-list-op [ ; ]prdef pattern-list-op [ ; ]lsdef pattern-list-op [ ; ]memstat [ ; ]savstate [ ; ]reconfig [ ; ]getcounts [ ; ]move_all [ ; ]move_cnt [ ; ]sync [ ; ]quit [ ; ]
FUNCTIONS
Utility Functions
| chdir() | unix() | time() | date() | |
| sleep() | file_info() | getenv() | get_history() | |
| queue() | encode() | decode() | spec_par() |
Evaluation Functions
| eval() | eval2() |
Command Files
| dofile() | qdofile() |
Help Functions
| gethelp() | whatis() |
Controlling Output Files
| open() | close() | on() | off() |
Macro-Related Functions
| cdef() | clone() | strdef() |
User Input and Output
| input() | getline() | printf() | tty_cntl() | |
| yesno() | sscanf() | fprintf() | tty_fmt() | |
| getval() | eprintf() | tty_move() | ||
| getsval() | spec_menu() |
Counting and Moving
| mcount() | dial() | get_lim() | wait() | |
| tcount() | user() | set_lim() | stop() | |
| cnt_mne() | motor_mne() | chg_dial() | set_sim() | |
| cnt_name() | motor_name() | chg_offset() | ||
| cnt_num() | motor_num() | read_motors() | ||
| counter_par() | motor_par() | move_info() | ||
| mca_get() | mca_sget() | image_get() | ||
| mca_put() | mca_sput() | image_put() | ||
| mca_par() | mca_spar() | image_par() | ||
| mca_sel() |
Plotting and Analysis
| array_copy() | plot_cntl() | h5_file() | |
| array_dump() | plot_move() | h5_attr() | |
| array_fit() | plot_range() | h5_data() | |
| array_op() | splot_cntl() | h5_link() | |
| array_plot() | fmt_read() | ||
| array_read() | fmt_write() | ||
| array_pipe() | fmt_close() | ||
| data_grp() | data_uop() | data_read() | |
| data_info() | data_bop() | data_plot() | |
| data_put() | data_anal() | data_fit() | |
| data_get() | data_dump() | data_pipe() | |
| data_nput() |
CAMAC Hardware
| ca_get() | |
| ca_put() | |
| ca_fna() | |
| ca_cntl() |
User Level Access To Hardware Interfaces
| gpib_get() | ser_get() | sock_get() | vme_get() | |
| gpib_put() | ser_put() | sock_put() | vme_put() | |
| gpib_par() | ser_par() | sock_par() | vme_get32() | |
| gpib_poll() | vme_put32() | |||
| gpib_cntl() | vme_move() | |||
| ca_get() | vxi11_get() | fbus_put() | ||
| ca_put() | vxi11_put() | fbus_get() | ||
| ca_fna() | vxi11_par() | |||
| ca_cntl() | ||||
| taco_io() | tango_io() | epics_get() | madoca_io() | |
| taco_dc() | tango_get() | epics_put() | ||
| taco_db() | tango_put() | epics_par() | ||
| tango_db() |
PC Port Hardware
| port_get() | port_getw() | port_put() | port_putw() |
Server/Client Functions
| prop_send() | remote_stat() | remote_eval() | |
| prop_get() | remote_par() | remote_async() | |
| prop_put() | remote_cmd() | remote_poll() | |
| prop_watch() |
Hooks To User-Added C-Code Functions
| calc() |
String Handling
| asc() | length() | substr() | |
| tolower() | index() | sprintf() | |
| toupper() | split() |
String Handling With Regular Expressions
| sub() | gsub() | gensub() | |
| rsplit() | match() |
Useful Conversion Functions
| int() | bcd() | dcb() | rad() | deg() |
Standard Math Functions
| exp() | pow() | cos() | acos() | |
| exp10() | sqrt() | sin() | asin() | |
| log() | tan() | atan() | ||
| log10() | rand() | atan2() | ||
| fabs() | srand() |